自動噴塑設(shè)備流水線是一種高效的噴涂輸送設(shè)備，其施工工藝主要包括三個核心步驟：工件預(yù)處理、工件預(yù)熱和噴涂。每一個步驟都至關(guān)重要，對于最終涂層的質(zhì)量和性能有著決定性的影響。

The automatic spray molding equipment assembly line is an efficient spray conveying equipment, and its construction process mainly includes three core steps: workpiece pretreatment, workpiece preheating, and spraying. Each step is crucial and has a decisive impact on the quality and performance of the final coating.

一、工件預(yù)處理

1、 Workpiece pretreatment

預(yù)處理是噴涂前的首要任務(wù)，主要目的是清除工件表面的油污、鐵銹或其他涂層，確保基體金屬完全裸露。這一步驟至關(guān)重要，因?yàn)樗鼮楹罄m(xù)的噴涂過程提供了良好的附著基礎(chǔ)。

Pre treatment is the primary task before spraying, with the main purpose of removing oil stains, rust, or other coatings from the surface of the workpiece, ensuring that the base metal is completely exposed. This step is crucial as it provides a good adhesion foundation for the subsequent spraying process.

二、工件預(yù)熱

2、 Workpiece preheating

預(yù)熱是噴涂過程中的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)，其時間根據(jù)工件的規(guī)格和數(shù)量而定。厚壁、數(shù)量多的工件需要更長的預(yù)熱時間，而薄壁、數(shù)量少的工件則相對較短。這是因?yàn)椴煌亓康墓ぜ诩訜釙r所需的總熱量不同，必須確保每個工件達(dá)到熱平衡狀態(tài)。預(yù)熱溫度對熱噴涂效果至關(guān)重要，過低會導(dǎo)致涂層不均勻，過高則可能引發(fā)流掛和炭化現(xiàn)象，影響涂膜性能。

Preheating is a crucial step in the spraying process, and its time depends on the specifications and quantity of the workpiece. Thick walled and large quantity workpieces require longer preheating time, while thin-walled and small quantity workpieces are relatively shorter. This is because the total heat required for heating workpieces of different weights varies, and it is necessary to ensure that each workpiece reaches a thermal equilibrium state. Preheating temperature is crucial for the effectiveness of thermal spraying. If it is too low, it can lead to uneven coating, while if it is too high, it may cause sagging and carbonization, affecting the performance of the coating film.

三、噴涂

3、 Spray coating

噴涂是自動噴塑設(shè)備流水線的核心環(huán)節(jié)，需要精確控制多個參數(shù)。首先是噴粉量，這是決定涂層厚度和均勻度的關(guān)鍵因素。熱噴涂時，噴粉量通常較大，一般在200~300g/min之間。此外，噴槍與工件的距離、噴涂次數(shù)以及噴槍的運(yùn)行軌跡也必須精確掌握。距離過遠(yuǎn)會導(dǎo)致上粉率低，距離過近則可能引發(fā)反彈。噴涂次數(shù)和噴槍運(yùn)行軌跡則直接影響涂層的均勻性和厚度。

Spraying is the core part of the automatic spraying equipment assembly line, which requires precise control of multiple parameters. The first factor is the amount of powder sprayed, which is the key factor determining the thickness and uniformity of the coating. During thermal spraying, the amount of powder sprayed is usually large, usually between 200~300g/min. In addition, the distance between the spray gun and the workpiece, the number of spraying times, and the running trajectory of the spray gun must also be accurately controlled. Distance too far can lead to low powder loading rate, while distance too close may trigger rebound. The number of sprays and the trajectory of the spray gun directly affect the uniformity and thickness of the coating.

除了以上參數(shù)，粉末的回收也是噴涂過程中不可忽視的一環(huán)。熱噴涂時，上粉率通常只有50%左右，剩余的粉末會散落于噴涂室內(nèi)或空氣中。為了控制粉塵污染，噴涂室的集塵吸風(fēng)口應(yīng)設(shè)置在噴涂室上部，并根據(jù)被涂工件的特點(diǎn)和噴涂施工方式進(jìn)行專門設(shè)計(jì)。

In addition to the above parameters, powder recovery is also an indispensable part of the spraying process. During thermal spraying, the powder loading rate is usually only about 50%, and the remaining powder will scatter inside the spraying room or in the air. In order to control dust pollution, the dust collection and suction port of the spraying room should be set at the upper part of the spraying room, and specially designed according to the characteristics of the coated workpiece and the spraying construction method.

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